Creates a new NArray with the given shape and data.

The data array must have the same number of elements as the product of the shape dimensions. Elements are stored in row-major order (C-style).

arr = Narray::Array(Int32).new([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
arr.shape # => [2, 2]
arr.data  # => [1, 2, 3, 4]

Raises ArgumentError if the data size does not match the shape.

Inequality operator (!=)

Inequality operator (!=) with scalar

Performs element-wise multiplication of two arrays.

If the shapes match exactly, multiplies corresponding elements. If the shapes are compatible for broadcasting, broadcasts the arrays to a common shape and then multiplies corresponding elements.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
b = Narray.array([2, 2], [5, 6, 7, 8])
c = a * b
c.shape # => [2, 2]
c.data  # => [5, 12, 21, 32]

# Broadcasting example
a = Narray.array([2, 1], [2, 3])
b = Narray.array([1, 3], [1, 2, 3])
c = a * b
c.shape # => [2, 3]
c.data  # => [2, 4, 6, 3, 6, 9]

Raises ArgumentError if the shapes are not compatible for broadcasting.

See also: Array#multiply!, Array#/.

Performs element-wise multiplication of an array and a scalar.

Multiplies each element of the array by the scalar.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
b = a * 2
b.shape # => [2, 2]
b.data  # => [2, 4, 6, 8]

See also: Array#multiply!, Array#/.

Performs element-wise addition of two arrays.

If the shapes match exactly, adds corresponding elements. If the shapes are compatible for broadcasting, broadcasts the arrays to a common shape and then adds corresponding elements.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
b = Narray.array([2, 2], [5, 6, 7, 8])
c = a + b
c.shape # => [2, 2]
c.data  # => [6, 8, 10, 12]

# Broadcasting example
a = Narray.array([2, 1], [1, 2])
b = Narray.array([1, 3], [3, 4, 5])
c = a + b
c.shape # => [2, 3]
c.data  # => [4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 7]

Raises ArgumentError if the shapes are not compatible for broadcasting.

See also: Array#add!, Array#-.

Performs element-wise addition of an array and a scalar.

Adds the scalar to each element of the array.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
b = a + 5
b.shape # => [2, 2]
b.data  # => [6, 7, 8, 9]

See also: Array#add!, Array#-.

Performs element-wise subtraction of two arrays.

If the shapes match exactly, subtracts corresponding elements. If the shapes are compatible for broadcasting, broadcasts the arrays to a common shape and then subtracts corresponding elements.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [5, 6, 7, 8])
b = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
c = a - b
c.shape # => [2, 2]
c.data  # => [4, 4, 4, 4]

# Broadcasting example
a = Narray.array([2, 1], [5, 10])
b = Narray.array([1, 3], [1, 2, 3])
c = a - b
c.shape # => [2, 3]
c.data  # => [4, 3, 2, 9, 8, 7]

Raises ArgumentError if the shapes are not compatible for broadcasting.

See also: Array#subtract!, Array#+.

Performs element-wise subtraction of an array and a scalar.

Subtracts the scalar from each element of the array.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [5, 6, 7, 8])
b = a - 3
b.shape # => [2, 2]
b.data  # => [2, 3, 4, 5]

See also: Array#subtract!, Array#+.

Performs element-wise negation of an array.

Returns a new array with each element negated.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
b = -a
b.shape # => [2, 2]
b.data  # => [-1, -2, -3, -4]

Performs element-wise division of two arrays.

If the shapes match exactly, divides corresponding elements. If the shapes are compatible for broadcasting, broadcasts the arrays to a common shape and then divides corresponding elements.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [10, 12, 14, 16])
b = Narray.array([2, 2], [2, 3, 2, 4])
c = a / b
c.shape # => [2, 2]
c.data  # => [5, 4, 7, 4]

# Broadcasting example with floating-point division
a = Narray.array([2, 1], [6.0, 9.0])
b = Narray.array([1, 3], [1.0, 2.0, 3.0])
c = a / b
c.shape # => [2, 3]
c.data  # => [6.0, 3.0, 2.0, 9.0, 4.5, 3.0]

Raises ArgumentError if the shapes are not compatible for broadcasting.

See also: Array#divide!, Array#*.

Performs element-wise division of an array and a scalar.

Divides each element of the array by the scalar.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [2, 4, 6, 8])
b = a / 2
b.shape # => [2, 2]
b.data  # => [1, 2, 3, 4]

See also: Array#divide!, Array#*.

Less than operator (<)

Less than operator (<) with scalar

Less than or equal to operator (<=)

Less than or equal to operator (<=) with scalar

Equality operator (==)

Equality operator (==) with scalar

Greater than operator (>)

Greater than operator (>) with scalar

Greater than or equal to operator (>=)

Greater than or equal to operator (>=) with scalar

Returns the element at the given indices.

arr = Narray.array([2, 3], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
arr[[0, 0]] # => 1
arr[[0, 1]] # => 2
arr[[1, 2]] # => 6

Raises IndexError if the number of indices does not match the number of dimensions. Raises IndexError if any index is out of bounds.

Sets the element at the given indices.

arr = Narray.zeros([2, 3], Int32)
arr[[0, 0]] = 1
arr[[0, 1]] = 2
arr[[1, 2]] = 3
arr.data # => [1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 3]

Raises IndexError if the number of indices does not match the number of dimensions. Raises IndexError if any index is out of bounds.

Sets a slice of the array using bracket notation with slice indices.

arr = Narray.array([3, 4], (1..12).to_a)
sub_arr = Narray.array([2, 2], [100, 200, 300, 400])
arr[[0..1, 0..1]] = sub_arr # Replace the top-left 2x2 submatrix

See #slice_set for more details.

Performs element-wise addition of two arrays in-place.

If the shapes match exactly, adds corresponding elements in-place. If the shapes are compatible for broadcasting, broadcasts the arrays to a common shape and then adds corresponding elements in-place.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
b = Narray.array([2, 2], [5, 6, 7, 8])
a.add!(b)
a.data # => [6, 8, 10, 12]

# Broadcasting example
a = Narray.array([2, 1], [1, 2])
b = Narray.array([1, 3], [3, 4, 5])
a.add!(b)
a.shape # => [2, 3]
a.data  # => [4, 5, 6, 5, 6, 7]

Raises ArgumentError if the shapes are not compatible for broadcasting.

See also: Array#+, Array#subtract!.

Performs element-wise addition of an array and a scalar in-place.

Adds the scalar to each element of the array in-place.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
a.add!(5)
a.data # => [6, 7, 8, 9]

See also: Array#+, Array#subtract!.

Returns the element at the given indices.

arr = Narray.array([2, 3], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
arr.at([0, 0]) # => 1
arr.at([0, 1]) # => 2
arr.at([1, 2]) # => 6

Raises IndexError if the number of indices does not match the number of dimensions. Raises IndexError if any index is out of bounds.

Convenience method for accessing elements with variadic indices.

arr = Narray.array([2, 3, 4], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24])
arr.at(0, 1, 2) # => 7

Raises IndexError if the number of indices does not match the number of dimensions. Raises IndexError if any index is out of bounds.

Sets the element at the given indices.

arr = Narray.zeros([2, 3], Int32)
arr.at_set([0, 0], 1)
arr.at_set([0, 1], 2)
arr.at_set([1, 2], 3)
arr.data # => [1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 3]

Raises IndexError if the number of indices does not match the number of dimensions. Raises IndexError if any index is out of bounds.

Convenience method for setting elements with variadic indices.

arr = Narray.zeros([2, 3], Int32)
arr.at_set(0, 0, 1)
arr.at_set(0, 1, 2)
arr.at_set(1, 2, 3)
arr.data # => [1, 2, 0, 0, 0, 3]

Raises IndexError if the number of indices does not match the number of dimensions. Raises IndexError if any index is out of bounds.

Broadcasts this array to a new shape.

arr = Narray.array([3], [1, 2, 3])
result = arr.broadcast_to([2, 3])
result.shape # => [2, 3]
result.data  # => [1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]

Raises ArgumentError if the shapes are incompatible for broadcasting.

See also: Narray.broadcast.

The underlying data storage.

Returns a flat array containing all elements of the multi-dimensional array. Elements are stored in row-major order (C-style).

Performs element-wise division of two arrays in-place.

If the shapes match exactly, divides corresponding elements in-place. If the shapes are compatible for broadcasting, broadcasts the arrays to a common shape and then divides corresponding elements in-place.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [10, 12, 14, 16])
b = Narray.array([2, 2], [2, 3, 2, 4])
a.divide!(b)
a.data # => [5, 4, 7, 4]

# Broadcasting example with floating-point division
a = Narray.array([2, 1], [6.0, 9.0])
b = Narray.array([1, 3], [1.0, 2.0, 3.0])
a.divide!(b)
a.shape # => [2, 3]
a.data  # => [6.0, 3.0, 2.0, 9.0, 4.5, 3.0]

Raises ArgumentError if the shapes are not compatible for broadcasting.

See also: Array#/, Array#multiply!.

Performs element-wise division of an array and a scalar in-place.

Divides each element of the array by the scalar in-place.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [2, 4, 6, 8])
a.divide!(2)
a.data # => [1, 2, 3, 4]

See also: Array#/, Array#multiply!.

Returns a boolean mask for equality with another array.

The arrays must be broadcast compatible.

a = Narray.array([3], [1, 2, 3])
b = Narray.array([3], [1, 3, 3])
mask = a.eq(b)
mask.data # => [true, false, true]

Raises ArgumentError if the arrays cannot be broadcast together.

See also: Array#ne, Array#==.

Returns a boolean mask for equality with a value.

arr = Narray.array([5], [1, 2, 3, 2, 1])
mask = arr.eq(2)
mask.data # => [false, true, false, true, false]

See also: Array#ne, Array#==.

Returns a boolean mask for greater than or equal to another array.

The arrays must be broadcast compatible.

a = Narray.array([3], [1, 2, 3])
b = Narray.array([3], [0, 2, 4])
mask = a.ge(b)
mask.data # => [true, true, false]

Raises ArgumentError if the arrays cannot be broadcast together.

See also: Array#gt, Array#>=.

Returns a boolean mask for greater than or equal to a value.

arr = Narray.array([5], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
mask = arr.ge(3)
mask.data # => [false, false, true, true, true]

See also: Array#gt, Array#>=.

Returns a boolean mask for greater than another array.

The arrays must be broadcast compatible.

a = Narray.array([3], [1, 2, 3])
b = Narray.array([3], [0, 2, 4])
mask = a.gt(b)
mask.data # => [true, false, false]

Raises ArgumentError if the arrays cannot be broadcast together.

See also: Array#ge, Array#>.

Returns a boolean mask for greater than a value.

arr = Narray.array([5], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
mask = arr.gt(3)
mask.data # => [false, false, false, true, true]

See also: Array#ge, Array#>.

Returns a detailed string representation of the array for debugging.

For small arrays (size <= 20), all elements are shown. For large arrays, only the first 10 and last 10 elements are shown.

arr = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
arr.inspect # => "Narray::Array(Int32)[shape=[2, 2], ndim=2, size=4, data=[1, 2, 3, 4]]"

Returns a boolean mask for less than or equal to another array.

The arrays must be broadcast compatible.

a = Narray.array([3], [1, 2, 3])
b = Narray.array([3], [0, 2, 4])
mask = a.le(b)
mask.data # => [false, true, true]

Raises ArgumentError if the arrays cannot be broadcast together.

See also: Array#lt, Array#<=.

Returns a boolean mask for less than or equal to a value.

arr = Narray.array([5], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
mask = arr.le(3)
mask.data # => [true, true, true, false, false]

See also: Array#lt, Array#<=.

Returns a boolean mask for less than another array.

The arrays must be broadcast compatible.

a = Narray.array([3], [1, 2, 3])
b = Narray.array([3], [0, 2, 4])
mask = a.lt(b)
mask.data # => [false, false, true]

Raises ArgumentError if the arrays cannot be broadcast together.

See also: Array#le, Array#<.

Returns a boolean mask for less than a value.

arr = Narray.array([5], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
mask = arr.lt(3)
mask.data # => [true, true, false, false, false]

See also: Array#le, Array#<.

Returns a new array containing only the elements where the mask is true.

The mask must be a boolean array with the same shape as the original array. The result is a 1D array containing only the elements where the mask is true.

arr = Narray.array([5], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
mask = Narray.array([5], [true, false, true, false, true])
result = arr.mask(mask)
result.shape # => [3]
result.data  # => [1, 3, 5]

Raises ArgumentError if the mask shape does not match the array shape.

See also: Array#mask_set, Array#mask(&block).

Returns a new array containing only the elements that satisfy the given condition.

The condition is specified as a block that takes an element and returns a boolean. The result is a 1D array containing only the elements where the block returns true.

arr = Narray.array([5], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
result = arr.mask { |x| x > 2 }
result.shape # => [3]
result.data  # => [3, 4, 5]

See also: Array#mask(mask), Array#mask_set.

Updates elements in the array where the mask is true with values from another array.

The mask must be a boolean array with the same shape as the original array. The values array must have the same number of elements as there are true values in the mask. The array is modified in-place.

arr = Narray.array([5], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
mask = Narray.array([5], [true, false, true, false, true])
values = Narray.array([3], [10, 20, 30])
arr.mask_set(mask, values)
arr.data # => [10, 2, 20, 4, 30]

Raises ArgumentError if the mask shape does not match the array shape. Raises ArgumentError if the values array does not have the correct number of elements.

See also: Array#mask, Array#mask_set(mask, value).

Updates elements in the array where the mask is true with the given value.

The mask must be a boolean array with the same shape as the original array. The array is modified in-place.

arr = Narray.array([5], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
mask = Narray.array([5], [true, false, true, false, true])
arr.mask_set(mask, 0)
arr.data # => [0, 2, 0, 4, 0]

Raises ArgumentError if the mask shape does not match the array shape.

See also: Array#mask, Array#mask_set(&block).

Updates elements in the array that satisfy the given condition with the given value.

The condition is specified as a block that takes an element and returns a boolean. The array is modified in-place.

arr = Narray.array([5], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
arr.mask_set(0) { |x| x > 2 }
arr.data # => [1, 2, 0, 0, 0]

See also: Array#mask, Array#mask_set(mask, value).

Returns the maximum value in the array.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [3, 1, 4, 2])
a.max # => 4

See also: Array#min, Array#sum.

Computes the mean (average) of all elements in the array.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
a.mean # => 2.5

See also: Array#sum, Array#std.

Returns the minimum value in the array.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [3, 1, 4, 2])
a.min # => 1

See also: Array#max, Array#sum.

Performs element-wise multiplication of two arrays in-place.

If the shapes match exactly, multiplies corresponding elements in-place. If the shapes are compatible for broadcasting, broadcasts the arrays to a common shape and then multiplies corresponding elements in-place.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
b = Narray.array([2, 2], [5, 6, 7, 8])
a.multiply!(b)
a.data # => [5, 12, 21, 32]

# Broadcasting example
a = Narray.array([2, 1], [2, 3])
b = Narray.array([1, 3], [1, 2, 3])
a.multiply!(b)
a.shape # => [2, 3]
a.data  # => [2, 4, 6, 3, 6, 9]

Raises ArgumentError if the shapes are not compatible for broadcasting.

See also: Array#*, Array#divide!.

Performs element-wise multiplication of an array and a scalar in-place.

Multiplies each element of the array by the scalar in-place.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
a.multiply!(2)
a.data # => [2, 4, 6, 8]

See also: Array#*, Array#divide!.

Returns the number of dimensions of the array.

arr = Narray.array([2, 3], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
arr.ndim # => 2

Returns a boolean mask for inequality with another array.

The arrays must be broadcast compatible.

a = Narray.array([3], [1, 2, 3])
b = Narray.array([3], [1, 3, 3])
mask = a.ne(b)
mask.data # => [false, true, false]

Raises ArgumentError if the arrays cannot be broadcast together.

See also: Array#eq, Array#!=.

Returns a boolean mask for inequality with a value.

arr = Narray.array([5], [1, 2, 3, 2, 1])
mask = arr.ne(2)
mask.data # => [true, false, true, false, true]

See also: Array#eq, Array#!=.

Reshapes the array to the new shape.

The total number of elements must remain the same. Returns a new array with the same data but new shape.

arr = Narray.arange(0, 6)
reshaped = arr.reshape([2, 3])
reshaped.shape # => [2, 3]
reshaped.ndim  # => 2
reshaped.size  # => 6
reshaped.data  # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

arr2 = Narray.array([2, 3], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
reshaped2 = arr2.reshape([6])
reshaped2.shape # => [6]
reshaped2.ndim  # => 1

Raises ArgumentError if the new shape has a different number of elements.

See also: Array#reshape!.

Reshapes the array to the new shape in-place.

The total number of elements must remain the same. Modifies the array's shape in-place, keeping the same data.

arr = Narray.arange(0, 6)
arr.reshape!([2, 3])
arr.shape # => [2, 3]
arr.ndim  # => 2
arr.size  # => 6
arr.data  # => [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Raises ArgumentError if the new shape has a different number of elements.

See also: Array#reshape.

The shape of the array (dimensions).

Returns an array of integers representing the size of each dimension. For example, a 2x3 array would have a shape of [2, 3].

Returns the total number of elements in the array.

arr = Narray.array([2, 3], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
arr.size # => 6

Returns a slice of the array based on the given indices.

Each index can be:

• An integer: selects a single element along that dimension
• A range: selects a range of elements along that dimension
• A boolean (true): selects all elements along that dimension

arr = Narray.array([3, 4], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12])
arr.slice([0..1, 1..2]) # => 2D array with elements at positions (0,1), (0,2), (1,1), (1,2)
arr.slice([0, true])    # => 1D array with all elements in the first row
arr.slice([true, 2])    # => 1D array with elements at column index 2

Raises IndexError if the number of indices does not match the number of dimensions. Raises IndexError if any index is out of bounds.

Sets a slice of the array to the given value.

Each index can be:

• An integer: selects a single element along that dimension
• A range: selects a range of elements along that dimension
• A boolean (true): selects all elements along that dimension

arr = Narray.array([3, 4], (1..12).to_a)
sub_arr = Narray.array([2, 2], [100, 200, 300, 400])
arr.slice_set([0..1, 0..1], sub_arr) # Replace the top-left 2x2 submatrix

Raises IndexError if the number of indices does not match the number of dimensions. Raises IndexError if any index is out of bounds. Raises ArgumentError if the shape of the value does not match the shape of the slice.

Computes the standard deviation of all elements in the array.

The standard deviation is a measure of the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values. A low standard deviation indicates that the values tend to be close to the mean, while a high standard deviation indicates that the values are spread out over a wider range.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
a.std # => 1.118... (approximately)

See also: Array#mean, Array#sum.

Performs element-wise subtraction of two arrays in-place.

If the shapes match exactly, subtracts corresponding elements in-place. If the shapes are compatible for broadcasting, broadcasts the arrays to a common shape and then subtracts corresponding elements in-place.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [5, 6, 7, 8])
b = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
a.subtract!(b)
a.data # => [4, 4, 4, 4]

# Broadcasting example
a = Narray.array([2, 1], [5, 10])
b = Narray.array([1, 3], [1, 2, 3])
a.subtract!(b)
a.shape # => [2, 3]
a.data  # => [4, 3, 2, 9, 8, 7]

Raises ArgumentError if the shapes are not compatible for broadcasting.

See also: Array#-, Array#add!.

Performs element-wise subtraction of an array and a scalar in-place.

Subtracts the scalar from each element of the array in-place.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [5, 6, 7, 8])
a.subtract!(3)
a.data # => [2, 3, 4, 5]

See also: Array#-, Array#add!.

Computes the sum of all elements in the array.

a = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
a.sum # => 10

See also: Array#mean, Array#min, Array#max.

Returns a string representation of the array.

arr = Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])
arr.to_s # => "Narray.array([2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4])"

Returns the transpose of the array.

For 1D arrays, this returns a copy of the array. For 2D arrays, this swaps rows and columns. For higher dimensions, this reverses the order of dimensions.

# 1D array
arr = Narray.arange(0, 3)
transposed = arr.transpose
transposed.shape # => [3]
transposed.data  # => [0, 1, 2]

# 2D array
arr = Narray.array([2, 3], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
transposed = arr.transpose
transposed.shape # => [3, 2]
transposed.data  # => [1, 4, 2, 5, 3, 6]

# 3D array
arr = Narray.array([2, 2, 2], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8])
transposed = arr.transpose
transposed.shape # => [2, 2, 2]
transposed.data  # => [1, 5, 3, 7, 2, 6, 4, 8]

See also: Array#transpose!.

Transposes the array in-place.

For 1D arrays, this does nothing. For 2D arrays, this swaps rows and columns. For higher dimensions, this reverses the order of dimensions. Note: This method creates a new data array and updates the shape.

# 1D array - no change
arr = Narray.arange(0, 3)
arr.transpose!
arr.shape # => [3]
arr.data  # => [0, 1, 2]

# 2D array
arr = Narray.array([2, 3], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
arr.transpose!
arr.shape # => [3, 2]
arr.data  # => [1, 4, 2, 5, 3, 6]

See also: Array#transpose.